Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a chemical compound historically used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. Its primary function is to prevent microbial growth, extending product shelf life. Due to safety concerns, its use has significantly decreased, and it is often found as a trace impurity or released from formaldehyde-releasing preservatives.
NonePreservativeVeganEvidence: High
RiskSerious 4 / 4
Sensitization i4 / 4
Risk of allergic contact dermatitis or immune-based reactions. Fragrance allergens, preservatives, botanicals, and some dyes may score here.
Irritation i3.5 / 4
Risk of short-term irritation — stinging, burning, dryness, redness, or discomfort. Common for strong actives, acids, retinoids, fragrances, and harsh surfactants.
Systemic exposure i3 / 4
Whether it has meaningful potential to be absorbed into the body at levels that may matter biologically. Most cosmetic ingredients score low unless there is known concern or high exposure.
Rated by SpottyLabs' ingredient methodology, independent of brands.
Things to watch
- Known human carcinogen
- Strong allergen and irritant
- Potential for systemic toxicity
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Frequently asked questions
- Why is formaldehyde used in cosmetics?
- Formaldehyde was historically used as a preservative in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi, thereby extending the product's shelf life. Its use has declined significantly due to safety concerns.
- Is formaldehyde safe in cosmetics?
- Formaldehyde is classified as a known human carcinogen and a strong allergen. Its direct use in cosmetics is highly restricted or banned in many regions due to these significant health risks.
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